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Ex vivo evaluation of the effects of several root canal preparation techniques and irrigation regimens on a mixed microbial infection
Author(s) -
Nakamura V. C.,
Cai S.,
Candeiro G. T. M.,
Ferrari P. H.,
Caldeira C. L.,
Gavini G.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02110.x
Subject(s) - root canal , enterococcus faecalis , citric acid , saline , smear layer , dentistry , candida albicans , sodium hypochlorite , ex vivo , irrigation , chemistry , in vivo , biology , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , food science , agronomy , biochemistry , organic chemistry , escherichia coli , gene , endocrinology
Aim To assess the ex vivo effectiveness of the alternated use of 1% Na OC l and 15% citric acid in association with two instrumentation techniques for the disinfection of root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans . Methodology Eighty human mandibular premolars with straight, oval root canals standardized to 15 mm in length were infected with a mixed culture of E. faecalis and C. albicans for 28 days. Five other teeth were used as controls and were neither contaminated nor instrumented. Specimens were divided into two groups ( n = 40), according to whether the canal preparation technique used manual (K‐type) or rotary (Protaper Universal) instruments. These groups were further divided into four subgroups ( n = 10) according to the irrigation solution used: saline, 1% Na OC l, 1% Na OC l with alternated use of 15% citric acid and 5.25% Na OC l. Root canals were prepared with a crown‐down technique until a size 50 K‐file or with rotary preparation until an F5 instrument. Microbiological sampling was performed before (S1) and after (S2) the chemomechanical preparation, using sterile paper points. The specimens were split, and 0.02 g of dentine chips was collected from the root thirds to verify the presence of microorganisms in root canal walls. Results Saline and 1% Na OC l were less effective in reducing microorganisms compared with 1% Na OC l with alternated use of 15% citric acid or 5.25% Na OC l alone ( P < 0.05). Both manual and rotary preparations significantly reduced microorganisms regardless of the irrigation solution used ( P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the canal preparation techniques ( P > 0.05). Conclusions Irrigation with 5.25% Na OC l and 1% Na OC l alternated with 15% citric acid reduced microorganisms in infected root canals significantly more than saline and 1% Na OC l.