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Pathogenicity of exopolysaccharide‐producing A ctinomyces oris isolated from an apical abscess lesion
Author(s) -
Yamane K.,
Nambu T.,
Yamanaka T.,
Ishihara K.,
Tatami T.,
Mashimo C.,
Walker C. B.,
Leung K.P.,
Fukushima H.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02099.x
Subject(s) - biofilm , microbiology and biotechnology , strain (injury) , mannose , virulence , polysaccharide , chemistry , capsule , periodontitis , viscosity , bacteria , biology , biochemistry , materials science , anatomy , dentistry , medicine , gene , composite material , genetics , botany
Aim To demonstrate a capacity for producing exopolysaccharides ( EPS s) and an ability to form biofilm on abiotic materials of A ctinomyces oris strain K 20. Methodology The productivity of EPS s and the ability to form biofilm of strain K 20 were evaluated by measuring viscosity of spent culture media and by scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) and the biofilm assay on microtitre plates, respectively. High‐performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the chemical composition of the viscous materials. To examine the role of the viscous materials attributable to the pathogenicity in this organism, the ability of strain K 20 to induce abscess formation was compared in mice to that of ATCC 27044. Results The viscosity of the spent culture media of K 20 was significantly higher than that of ATCC 27044. Strain K 20 showed dense meshwork structures around the cells and formed biofilms on microtitre plates, whereas ATCC 27044 did not. Chemical analysis of the viscous materials revealed that they were mainly composed of neutral sugars with mannose constituting 77.5% of the polysaccharides. Strain K 20 induced persistent abscesses in mice lasting at least 5 days at a concentration of 10 8 cells mL −1 , whereas abscesses induced by ATCC 27044 healed and disappeared or decreased in size at day 5. Conclusions Strain K 20 produced EPSs , mainly consisting of mannose, and formed biofilms. This phenotype might play an important role for A . oris to express virulence through the progression of apical periodontitis.