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The effect of using an alternative irrigant between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine to prevent the formation of para‐chloroaniline within the root canal system
Author(s) -
Mortenson D.,
Sadilek M.,
Flake N. M.,
Paranjpe A.,
Heling I.,
Johnson J. D.,
Cohenca N.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02048.x
Subject(s) - citric acid , sodium hypochlorite , chlorhexidine , saline , chemistry , root canal , acetic acid , ethylene diamine , dentistry , hypochlorite , nuclear chemistry , medicine , food science , biochemistry , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , endocrinology
Mortenson D, Sadilek M, Flake NM, Paranjpe A, Heling I, Johnson JD, Cohenca N. The effect of using an alternative irrigant between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine to prevent the formation of para‐chloroaniline within the root canal system. International Endodontic Journal , 45 , 878–882, 2012. Abstract Aim To determine if the formation of para‐chloroaniline (PCA) can be avoided by using an alternative irrigant following sodium hypochlorite but before chlorhexidine. Methodology Fifty‐five single‐rooted teeth were decoronated, instrumented to size 40, .06 taper whilst being irrigated with 14% ethylene‐diamine‐tetra‐acetic acid (EDTA) and 6% NaOCl. Samples were then randomly divided into three experimental and two control groups. Group 1 was irrigated with saline followed by 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX). Group 2 was irrigated with 50% citric acid (CA) followed by 2% CHX. Group 3 was irrigated with 14% EDTA followed by 2% CHX. The chemical identity and quantification of the PCA in the formed precipitate was determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results All experimental groups contained PCA. The mean level of PCA for group 1 (sterile saline) was 229 ng mL −1 , group 2 (citric acid) 72 ng mL −1 and group 3 (EDTA) 400 ng mL −1 , respectively. A significant difference was found between the saline and EDTA groups and the negative control ( P < 0.05). Although no statistical significance was found between the negative control and citric acid group, PCA was still present in this experimental group. Conclusions Citric acid used as the intermittent irrigant had the least amount of PCA formation in the canal system. Until the threshold required to cause biological damage in humans is determined, the combination of NaOCl and CHX in root canal treatment should be avoided.