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Irrigant flow in the root canal: experimental validation of an unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics model using high‐speed imaging
Author(s) -
Boutsioukis C.,
Verhaagen B.,
Versluis M.,
Kastrinakis E.,
Van Der Sluis L. W. M.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01692.x
Subject(s) - computational fluid dynamics , root canal , particle image velocimetry , mechanics , flow (mathematics) , materials science , vortex , flow velocity , velocimetry , fluid dynamics , simulation , turbulence , physics , engineering , medicine , dentistry
Boutsioukis C, Verhaagen B, Versluis M, Kastrinakis E, van der Sluis LWM. Irrigant flow in the root canal: experimental validation of an unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics model using high‐speed imaging. International Endodontic Journal 43 , 393–403, 2010. Abstract Aim To compare the results of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of the irrigant flow within a prepared root canal, during final irrigation with a syringe and a needle, with experimental high‐speed visualizations and theoretical calculations of an identical geometry and to evaluate the effect of off‐centre positioning of the needle inside the root canal. Methodology A CFD model was created to simulate irrigant flow from a side‐vented needle inside a prepared root canal. Calculations were carried out for four different positions of the needle inside a prepared root canal. An identical root canal model was made from poly‐dimethyl‐siloxane (PDMS). High‐speed imaging of the flow seeded with particles and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) were combined to obtain the velocity field inside the root canal experimentally. Computational, theoretical and experimental results were compared to assess the validity of the computational model. Results Comparison between CFD computations and experiments revealed good agreement in the velocity magnitude and vortex location and size. Small lateral displacements of the needle inside the canal had a limited effect on the flow field. Conclusions High‐speed imaging experiments together with PIV of the flow inside a simulated root canal showed a good agreement with the CFD model, even though the flow was unsteady. Therefore, the CFD model is able to predict reliably the flow in similar domains.