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Microscopic observation of bacteria: review highlighting the use of environmental SEM
Author(s) -
Bergmans L.,
Moisiadis P.,
Van Meerbeek B.,
Quirynen M.,
Lambrechts P.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.00999.x
Subject(s) - environmental scanning electron microscope , nanotechnology , materials science , environmental science , dentistry , biochemical engineering , scanning electron microscope , medicine , engineering , composite material
Throughout the years, various methods have been adopted to investigate bacteria involved in root canal infection and apical periodontitis. This paper reviews the most commonly used microscopic techniques and discusses their possibilities, limitations and sample preparation. In particular, a recently developed variant of scanning electron microscope (SEM), referred to as environmental SEM (ESEM), is highlighted due to its potential impact across the diverse field of biomaterials research. The performance of this ESEM technique for bacterial observation of endodontic pathogens was illustrated by a practical approach. The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible use of ESEM for testing endodontic treatment modalities under environmental conditions in situ .