Premium
An SEM study of the effects of different irrigation sequences and ultrasonics
Author(s) -
ABBOTT P. V.,
HEIJKOOP P. S.,
CARDACI S. C.,
HUME W. R.,
HEITHERSAY G. S.
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1991.tb00141.x
Subject(s) - smear layer , root canal , irrigation , ultrasound , ultrasonic sensor , materials science , dentistry , sodium hypochlorite , medicine , chemistry , biology , agronomy , radiology , organic chemistry
Summary. The root canals of 30 extracted human teeth with single canals were prepared biomechanicaliy with hand instruments using a flaring technique. Three different irrigation regimes were used, with and without ultrasonic activation of a root canal file. The six irrigation sequences used in this study were as follows: Savlon. Savlon with ultrasound, EDTAC/NaOCl/ EDTAC, EDTAC/NaOCI/EDTAC with ultrasound, NaOCl/EDTAC/NaOCi, and NaOCl/EDTAC/NaOCl with ultrasound. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination of the prepared root canal walls showed a complete smear layer when Savlon was used. Ultrasound reduced the amount of smear with Savlon, but did not do so significantly with the other irrigation regimes. The most effective irrigation regime for removing smear layer and other debris was EDTAC/NaOCl/EDTAC. In all groups there was a significant decrease in cleaning efficiency as the apical end of the canai was approached.