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Regulation of TCR signalling by tyrosine phosphatases: from immune homeostasis to autoimmunity
Author(s) -
Stanford Stephanie M.,
Rapini Novella,
Bottini Nunzio
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.297
H-Index - 133
eISSN - 1365-2567
pISSN - 0019-2805
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03591.x
Subject(s) - protein tyrosine phosphatase , t cell receptor , autoimmunity , biology , t cell , microbiology and biotechnology , immune system , signal transduction , homeostasis , cell , receptor , signalling , immunology , genetics
Summary More than half of the known protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in the human genome are expressed in T cells, and significant progress has been made in elucidating the biology of these enzymes in T‐cell development and function. Here we provide a systematic review of the current understanding of the roles of PTPs in T‐cell activation, providing insight into their mechanisms of action and regulation in T‐cell receptor signalling, the phenotypes of their genetically modified mice, and their possible involvement in T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune disease. Our projection is that the interest in PTPs as mediators of T‐cell homeostasis will continue to rise with further functional analysis of these proteins, and PTPs will be increasingly considered as targets of immunomodulatory therapies.