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Prostate cancer and inflammation: the evidence
Author(s) -
Sfanos Karen S,
De Marzo Angelo M
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
histopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.626
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1365-2559
pISSN - 0309-0167
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04033.x
Subject(s) - prostate cancer , inflammation , medicine , cancer , prostate , immunology , risk factor , oncology
Sfanos K S & De Marzo A M
(2012) Histopathology 60 , 199–215
Prostate cancer and inflammation: the evidence Chronic inflammation is now known to contribute to several forms of human cancer, with an estimated 20% of adult cancers attributable to chronic inflammatory conditions caused by infectious agents, chronic non‐infectious inflammatory diseases and/or other environmental factors. Indeed, chronic inflammation is now regarded as an ‘enabling characteristic’ of human cancer. The aim of this review is to summarize the current literature on the evidence for a role for chronic inflammation in prostate cancer aetiology, with a specific focus on recent advances regarding the following: (i) potential stimuli for prostatic inflammation; (ii) prostate cancer immunobiology; (iii) inflammatory pathways and cytokines in prostate cancer risk and development; (iv) proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA) as a risk factor lesion to prostate cancer development; and (v) the role of nutritional or other anti‐inflammatory compounds in reducing prostate cancer risk.