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Heterogeneous IgA glomerulonephropathy in liver cirrhosis
Author(s) -
SINNIAH R.
Publication year - 1984
Publication title -
histopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.626
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1365-2559
pISSN - 0309-0167
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2559.1984.tb02413.x
Subject(s) - mesangium , pathology , cirrhosis , glomerulonephritis , medicine , mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis , glomerular mesangium , mononuclear phagocyte system , nephrotic syndrome , autopsy , kidney , renal biopsy , biopsy
Kidney and liver sections were obtained from 75 consecutive autopsy cases with liver cirrhosis discovered at post‐mortem. Mesangial IgA as the predominant immunoglobulin was found in 36% (27) cases, with accompanying IgM in 10, and IgG in three subjects. IgA deposits occurred more frequently in micronodular cirrhosis than in macronodular and mixed types. There was no direct correlation with alcoholism or HBs antigen‐orcein positivity in livers. The IgA antigenantibody complexes formed against infectious and/or dietary antigens may bypass the liver phagocytic system via collateral shunts and cause the mesangial IgA deposits. IgA‐bearing plasma cells in the liver (80%) may also contribute to the deposits. In cases of liver cirrhosis, there was a variable glomcrular morphology including normal appearance by light microscopy (32%), minor changes (38.7%), diffuse mesangial sclerosis (12%), diffuse mesangial cell proliferation, and infrequently membranous and diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis with a ‘lobular pattern’. Five (6.7%) cases showed focal and segmental mesangiolysis with glomerular aneurysms, probably caused by toxic and/or infective agents bypassing the liver reticuloendothelial phagocytic system and acting on the mesangium to cause rupture of anchor points and formation of capillary aneurysms. The cirrhotic glomerulonephropathy was usually clinically latent, but two biopsy cases with mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis had developed a nephrotic syndrome.