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Creation of artificial upwelling areas for brown trout, Salmo trutta , spawning in still water bodies
Author(s) -
BRABRAND Å.,
HANSEN B. R.,
KOESTLER A. G.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
fisheries management and ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.693
H-Index - 55
eISSN - 1365-2400
pISSN - 0969-997X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2006.00505.x
Subject(s) - upwelling , salmo , brown trout , hatching , fishery , spring (device) , oceanography , biology , fish <actinopterygii> , environmental science , zoology , ecology , geology , mechanical engineering , engineering
Abstract Brown trout, Salmo trutta L., spawning sites were constructed by creating areas of artificial upwelling water, 252 ± 37 mL m −2 min −1 (95% CL), through appropriately sized spawning gravel substrate in 3 m 2 vessels buried in the bottom of a 150‐m 2 pond. Natural spawning occurred in the vessels during autumn 2001–2004, with hatching and alevin swim up the following spring. In areas of upwelling, egg survival was 85–95%, while no live eggs were observed in areas without upwelling. In areas with upwelling, the maximum density of live eggs at the eyed stage was 570–1510 eggs m −2 . In spring 2004 and 2005, the density of alevins was estimated at 322 (±187) m −2 and 567 (±217) m −2 , respectively, in areas with upwelling water, compared with 35.2 ± 25.4 m −2 in areas without upwelling water in 2004.