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PDGF‐C and ‐D and their receptors PDGFR‐α and PDGFR‐β in atherosclerotic human arteries
Author(s) -
Karvinen H.,
Rutanen J.,
Leppänen O.,
Lach R.,
Levonen A.L.,
Eriksson U.,
YläHerttuala S.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
european journal of clinical investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.164
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1365-2362
pISSN - 0014-2972
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2009.02095.x
Subject(s) - platelet derived growth factor receptor , platelet derived growth factor , in situ hybridization , biology , immunohistochemistry , receptor , vascular smooth muscle , growth factor , pathology , endocrinology , medicine , messenger rna , immunology , smooth muscle , biochemistry , gene
Background Platelet derived growth factors (PDGFs) are mitogens for fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. This growth factor family contains four members PDGF‐A, PDGF‐B, PDGF‐C and PDGF‐D. Biology of recently discovered PDGF‐C and PDGF‐D is not well‐established. Here we studied the expression of PDGF‐C and PDGF‐D and their receptors PDGFR‐α and PDGFR‐β in normal and atherosclerotic human arteries. Materials and methods Human arterial samples from amputations and autopsies were classified according to the atherosclerotic stage and the expression of PDGF‐C and PDGF‐D proteins and their receptors was studied by immunohistochemistry. In situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase‐PCR were used to study mRNA expression. Results Both growth factors were expressed in medial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in normal arteries and atherosclerotic lesions. However, clear differences were found in the expression profiles in endothelium: PDGF‐C was strongly expressed in endothelial cells in both normal arteries and lesions whereas PDGF‐D was only weakly expressed in endothelium. PDGF‐C expression was very prominent in lesion macrophages. PDGF‐D was expressed throughout the artery wall in lesions. PDGFR‐α expression was strong in endothelium and in lesion macrophage‐rich areas, whereas PDGFR‐β was mostly expressed in SMCs. Conclusions Our results suggest that PDGF‐C may play an important role in endothelium in normal and atherosclerotic arteries and in macrophages in lesions. PDGF‐D was expressed in all types of lesions with the same intensity and thus differs from the expression of PDGF‐C.