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Association of oxidative stress and PON1 with LDL and HDL particle size in middle‐aged subjects
Author(s) -
Vekic J.,
KoturStevuljevic J.,
JelicIvanovic Z.,
Spasic S.,
SpasojevicKalimanovska V.,
Topic A.,
Zeljkovic A.,
Stefanovic A.,
Zunic G.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
european journal of clinical investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.164
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1365-2362
pISSN - 0014-2972
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2007.01849.x
Subject(s) - pon1 , oxidative stress , paraoxonase , malondialdehyde , medicine , lipoprotein , endocrinology , chemistry , superoxide dismutase , lipoprotein particle , apolipoprotein b , population , low density lipoprotein , high density lipoprotein , cholesterol , biochemistry , very low density lipoprotein , environmental health , genotype , gene
Background  Alterations in plasma lipoprotein subclass distributions affect atherosclerosis risk. Smaller, denser low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) particles (sdLDL) are more susceptible to oxidation. In contrast, most of the protective effects of high‐density lipoproteins (HDL) are attributable to larger particles. This study investigates the connection between LDL and HDL particle heterogeneity and oxidative stress, antioxidative defence (AOD) and paraoxonase (PON1) status in a healthy middle‐aged Serbian population. Materials and methods  LDL and HDL particle sizes and subclass distributions were measured by gradient gel electrophoresis in 104 men and 103 women, aged 53 ± 9·4 years. PON1 activities and PON1 Q192R phenotypes were determined with paraoxon and diazoxon as substrates. The oxidative stress/AOD status was estimated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide‐anion () levels and superoxide‐dismutase (SOD) activity. Results  Subjects with sdLDL had significantly higher MDA ( P <  0·001) and ( P <  0·05) levels and greater diazoxonase (DZOase) activity ( P <  0·05) compared to subjects with larger LDL particles. A high MDA concentration was a significant predictor of the sdLDL phenotype ( P <  0·005). Increased levels of and MDA were associated with smaller HDL 3 subclass abundance. Reduced HDL particle size was associated with lower DZOase activity ( P <  0·01). Conclusions  Even in the absence of symptoms of atherosclerosis, sdLDL particles are associated with increased oxidative stress, which may stimulate a compensatory rise in PON1 DZOase activity. Elevated oxidative stress may significantly affect HDL subclass distribution, resulting in the accumulation of smaller, denser HDL particles with diminished antioxidative capacity.

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