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Is the renal kallikrein system relevant to sodium sensitivity in patients with essential hypertension
Author(s) -
KOOLEN M. I.,
DAHA M. R.,
BRUMMELEN P. VAN
Publication year - 1985
Publication title -
european journal of clinical investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.164
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1365-2362
pISSN - 0014-2972
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1985.tb00160.x
Subject(s) - essential hypertension , kallikrein , medicine , sodium , endocrinology , chemistry , blood pressure , biochemistry , organic chemistry , enzyme
. In twenty‐five outpatients with essential hypertension, the relevance of renal kallikrein excretion for inter‐individual differences in the blood pressure response to changes in dietary sodium intake was investigated. The patients were studied during 2 weeks of high (300 mmol) and 2 weeks of low (50–100 mmol) sodium intake. In addition there were two control periods of normal sodium intake, one lasting 4 weeks at the beginning and one lasting 2 weeks at the end of the study. Blood pressure, body weight and 24 h urinary sodium and kallikrein excretion were measured at the end of all periods. At the end of the first control period, 1 mg furosemide per kg body weight was administered intravenously, and the urinary excretion of kallikrein and sodium were measured 30 and 120 min later. The difference in mean arterial pressure (A MAP) between high and low sodium intake ranged from + 18 to ‐ 8 mmHg. The eight patients with a A MAP greater than 10 mmHg were regarded as salt‐sensitive. They were older and had a higher initial blood pressure than salt‐insensitive patients. For all patients, urinary kallikrein excretion at the end of the low sodium period (123(SEM 20·3) μg 24 h ‐1 ) was significantly higher than at the end of the first control period (96(SEM 16·3) μg 24 h ‐1 , P < 0·01) and at the end of the high sodium period (96(SEM 23·7) μg 24 ‐1 , P < 0·01). When compared with salt‐insensitive patients, salt‐sensitives had lower levels of urinary kallikrein excretion and a blunted kallikrein response to dietary sodium restriction and furosemide. No relationships between sodium sensitivity and either urinary kallikrein excretion or the differences in urinary kallikrein excretion between the periods of different sodium intake were found. The data indicate that renal kallikrein is not an important determinant of sodium sensitivity in essential hypertension.