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Further Evaluation of the Role of Insulin in Sodium Retention Associated with Carbohydrate Administration after a Fast in the Obese *
Author(s) -
Kolanowski J.,
Gasparo M.,
Desmecht P.,
Crabbé J.
Publication year - 1972
Publication title -
european journal of clinical investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.164
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1365-2362
pISSN - 0014-2972
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1972.tb00675.x
Subject(s) - insulin , medicine , endocrinology , glucagon , starvation , carbohydrate , sodium , epinephrine , ingestion , chemistry , organic chemistry
. This study was aimed at elucidating the role which insulin was thought to play in the mechanism(s) underlying sodium retention associated with glucose intake after a week of total fast in the obese. Parenteral (I.V.) and oral (p.o.) administration of glucose proved equally effective in this respect, thereby ruling out a significant influence of enteric factor(s) involved in the metabolic response to glucose ingestion. Furthermore, the data indicated that the amplitude of the β‐cell secretory response was not critical for sodium retention, as it was much smaller when glucose was given I.V. rather than p.o. Attempts at raising blood glucose concentrations and insulin concentrations independently (by infusing epinephrine vs. insulin) after a few days of fasting, proved fruitless as neither situation was associated with sodium retention. Thus, variations in insulin concentrations appear to be insufficient to account for the changes in salt and water balance associated with starvation and carbohydrate refeeding. Glucagon, known to be natriuretic and to be secreted in increased amounts during starvation and insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia, was thought to be the additional factor to be considered. Indeed, injection of glucagon blocked the sodium retention usually observed upon glucose administration after a short fast.