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Comparative Study of the Metabolism of U‐ 14 C‐Fructose, U‐ 14 C‐Sorbitol and U‐ 14 C‐Xylitol in the Normal and in the Streptozotocin‐Diabetic Rat*
Author(s) -
Froesch E. R.,
Zapf J.,
Keller U.,
Oelz O.
Publication year - 1971
Publication title -
european journal of clinical investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.164
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1365-2362
pISSN - 0014-2972
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1971.tb00562.x
Subject(s) - xylitol , glycogen , fructose , medicine , endocrinology , sorbitol , insulin , adipose tissue , streptozotocin , diabetes mellitus , chemistry , metabolism , biochemistry , biology , fermentation
. Young male rats metabolize xylitol, sorbitol and fructose with a half‐life of 165 seconds. Within 10 min. after the intravenous injection of a load of these substrates more than 70% of the carbon‐14 in plasma is present as 14 C‐glucose. The labelling of plasma glucose from these substrates appears to be insulin‐independent. A small percentage of labelled xylitol, sorbitol and fructose is retained by the liver as glycogen and total lipids. In the normal rat, this process appears to be insulin‐independent. In the chronic streptozotocin‐diabetic rat, insulin acutely enhances glycogen synthesis from all three substrates and reduces their incorporation into total lipids. Once these substrates have been converted to glucose the further storage as muscle glycogen and adipose tissue total lipids is entirely dependent on insulin, both in the normal and in the streptozotocin‐diabetic rat. Fructose makes an exception since it is metabolized by adipose tissue independently of insulin. In the light of these results in the rat a re‐evaluation of the use of various carbohydrates and polyols in parenteral nutrition of normal and diabetic subjects appears desirable.