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Viruses and virus diseases of grapevine in Palestine
Author(s) -
ALKOWNI R.,
DIGIARO M.,
SAVINO V.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
eppo bulletin
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.327
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 1365-2338
pISSN - 0250-8052
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2338.1998.tb00720.x
Subject(s) - cultivar , biology , palestine , incidence (geometry) , virus , inoculation , vine , rootstock , horticulture , plant virus , virology , veterinary medicine , medicine , ancient history , physics , optics , history
Surveys were carried out in vineyards in the main grapevine‐growing areas of Palestine (Hebron, Bethlehem, Gaza, Jerusalem, Ramallah, Jenin, Jericho and Nablus) to assess the presence and incidence of virus and virus‐like diseases. Leafroll symptoms were observed in Bethlehem, Ramallah and Jerusalem in native and imported cultivars, with higher rates in the red‐fruited Shami, Beitoni and Smari. Rugose‐wood symptoms were also observed in local and foreign cultivars, especially on grafted vines with a high incidence in Bethlehem. Fanleaf symptoms were rarely observed, while phytoplasma‐induced symptoms were observed in Jenin, Jericho and Bethlehem on cvs Biadi, Superior Seedless and Beitoni. ELISA tests showed that 463 out of 566 (82%) tested vines were infected by at least one virus. GVA was the prevailing virus (66.1%), followed by GLRaV‐1 (45.6%), GLRaV‐3 (21.7%), GFkV (15.7%) and GLRaV‐2 (8.3%). GVB and GFLV were also detected to a lesser extent, their incidence ranging between 3.7 and 1.2%, whereas GLRaV‐7 was detected in a single vine of cv. Sultanina of foreign origin. Vineyards in the Bethlehem area were particularly badly damaged (97.5%), and some local cultivars were totally (Jandali, Marrawi and Shoyoukhi) or heavily infected (Zaini, Biadi and Shami). ELISA testing of 69 young rootstock mother plants showed a relatively high incidence of virus infection (20.3%). Vein necrosis and vein mosaic diseases were also ascertained on graft‐inoculated 110R and Vitis riparia indicator plants, whereas no viruses other than GFLV were mechanically transmitted from about 200 vines onto inoculated herbaceous hosts.