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Control of Forest Insects by Ultra‐low Volume Spraying
Author(s) -
Schindler U.
Publication year - 1971
Publication title -
eppo bulletin
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.327
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 1365-2338
pISSN - 0250-8052
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2338.1971.tb02549.x
Subject(s) - malathion , dimethoate , toxicology , sprayer , volume (thermodynamics) , environmental science , nozzle , biology , pulp and paper industry , agronomy , engineering , pesticide , physics , mechanical engineering , quantum mechanics
Ultra‐low volume spraying calls for special insecticide formulations. Technical grade material is sprayed, at rates of only 500–1,500 c.c./ha., by mistblower, fixedwing aircraft, or helicopter, using special nozzles or the rotary atomizer system. There are a number of advantages in the use of technical grade materials, particularly in forestry: the need for solvents and carriers is eliminated, mixing is unnecessary, storage and transport costs are greatly reduced and aircraft payloads provide for greater coverage. Trials carried out in the period 1967–69 against 11 forest insect pests, including sucking species, beetles, and larvae, gave good results with ULV concentrates of malathion, dimethoate, and bromophos‐ethyl. Motorized knapsack sprayers were used for the work, but a trial helicopter spraying with 1,500 c.c. malathion against larvae of Coleophora laricella (Hb.) was also made in August 1968, producing the result required: protection of trees from significant defoliation.