The role of food and colony size in sexual offspring production in a social insect: an experiment

1. Large colonies of ants are known to have a higher propensity for sexual offspring production, probably owing to their high capacity to exploit food resources. 2. The effects of food supplementation on the propensity for sexual offspring production, and whether it is linked with colony size, were investigated in an environment with poor resources (clear‐cut areas). 3. Large colony size was associated with a higher propensity for sexual offspring production in food‐supplemented colonies, whereas in non‐supplemented control colonies an association with colony size was not found. 4. The results demonstrate that large colonies seem to have a higher capacity to exploit supplemented food. In addition, the production of sexual offspring was apparently limited by food availability in clear‐cuts, especially for large colonies.