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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: The association of serum vitamin D level with presence of metabolic syndrome and hypertension in middle‐aged Korean subjects
Author(s) -
Kim Mee K.,
Il Kang Moo,
Won Oh Ki,
Kwon Hyuk S.,
Lee Jin H.,
Lee Won C.,
Yoon KunHo,
Son Ho Y.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
clinical endocrinology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.055
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1365-2265
pISSN - 0300-0664
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2010.03798.x
Subject(s) - medicine , vitamin d and neurology , odds ratio , metabolic syndrome , confidence interval , endocrinology , vitamin d deficiency , population , cross sectional study , gastroenterology , obesity , pathology , environmental health
Summary Objective: To examine the association of serum vitamin D level with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hypertension (HTN) in middle‐aged Korean subjects. Design and subjects: We conducted a population‐based, cross‐sectional survey of 1330 participants aged over 40 years (median age 65·8 years) in Chungju, Korea, in 2007. The 324 subjects, who were normotensive in 2003 and who attended a follow‐up visit 4 years later, were included in an analysis of the association of serum vitamin D level with the risk of HTN. Measurements: Serum 25‐hydroxy‐vitamin D [25(OH)D] and PTH were measured in a central laboratory, using chemiluminescence assays. Results: The overall prevalence of the MetS in participants of this study was 45·3%. After adjusting for various covariates, subjects in the highest quintile group (61·4–116·8 nmol/l) compared with the lowest quintile group (10·0–29·7 nmol/l) of 25(OH)D had an odds ratio (OR) for having MetS of 0·35 (95% confidence intervals, CI, 0·22–0·56; P for trend <0·001). The median level of 25(OH)D was 46·8 nmol/l among 324 subjects who were normotensive in 2003. After multiple adjustment, the OR was substantially higher for new HTN (OR 2·74; 95% CI 1·40–5·34) in subjects with serum 25(OH)D levels below the median value compared with those above median. The inverse associations of vitamin D and MetS/HTN were unchanged after adjustment for PTH and serum calcium levels. There was no association between PTH and MetS. Conclusions: We found a strong inverse association of 25(OH)D levels with MetS and HTN in this middle‐aged Korean population. Having vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased risk of having MetS and HTN in this demographic group.