Open AccessInvolvement of tazarotene‐induced gene 1 in proliferation and differentiation of human adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Author(s) -
Ohnishi S.,
Okabe K.,
Obata H.,
Otani K.,
Ishikane S.,
Ogino H.,
Kitamura S.,
Nagaya N.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
cell proliferation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.647
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1365-2184
pISSN - 0960-7722
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2008.00592.x
Subject(s) - gene knockdown , mesenchymal stem cell , cell growth , stem cell , adipose tissue , biology , cellular differentiation , gene expression , cancer research , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , endocrinology , genetics
Objective: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have both self‐renewal and multilineage differentiation potential, and bone marrow‐derived MSC have been applied for tissue regeneration and repair. Although adipose tissue‐derived MSC (ASC) have emerged as an alternative cell source, little information is available regarding the biologic difference between ASC derived from visceral and subcutaneous fat. Therefore, we aimed to compare the proliferation and gene expression profile of cultured human visceral ASC (VASC) and subcutaneous ASC (SASC), and to identify a novel gene involved in proliferation and differentiation of ASC. Materials and methods: We performed microarray analysis of cultured VASC and SASC, and investigated the role of tazarotene‐induced gene 1 (TIG1), a most differentially expressed gene, in the proliferation and differentiation of ASC. Results: SASC proliferated faster than VASC for over 10 passages, and TIG1 expression was consistently up‐regulated in VASC of humans, rats and mice. Overexpression of the TIG1 gene in human SASC inhibited cell proliferation, whereas knockdown of TIG1 expression by siRNA promoted cell proliferation. In addition, overexpression of the TIG1 gene in SASC enhanced their differentiation into adipocytes, and promoted up‐regulation of peroxisome proliferators‐activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α. On the other hand, TIG1 overexpression in SASC inhibited their differentiation into osteocytes and the expression of osteocalcin. Conclusion: TIG1 plays an important role in regulating proliferation and differentiation of ASC.