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Tumour necrosis factor‐α and interleukin 4 promote the differentiation of myeloma cell precursors in multiple myeloma
Author(s) -
Sawamura Morio,
Murakami Hirokazu,
Tamura Jun'ichi,
Matsushima Takafumi,
Sato Sadao,
Naruse Takuji,
Tsuchiya Jun
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
british journal of haematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.907
H-Index - 186
eISSN - 1365-2141
pISSN - 0007-1048
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1994.tb04971.x
Subject(s) - multiple myeloma , monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , medicine , tumor necrosis factor alpha , monoclonal , interleukin 6 , interleukin , chemotherapy , plasma cell , pathology , immunology , monoclonal antibody , cytokine , cancer research , biology , antibody , in vitro , biochemistry
Summary. The effects of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin 4 (IL‐4) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 36 patients with multiple myeloma (MM), 12 with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and 21 normal controls, were investigated. In 16/36 patients with MM, monoclonal plasma cells appeared after 4d in cultures containing TNF‐α and IL‐4. These changes were not observed in PBMC from patients with MGUS or from normal controls. These findings suggest that myeloma cell precursors do exist in the peripheral blood of MM patients and differentiate into plasma cells in the presence of TNF‐α and IL‐4. Based on these observations, we think that the variation in the number of myeloma cell precursors in peripheral blood could be used as a prognostic parameter of response to chemotherapy in myeloma patients. In addition, this assay may be useful to distinguish early‐stage MM from MGUS.