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Analysis of multidrug‐resistance (MDR‐1) glycoprotein and CD56 expression to separate monoclonal gammopathy from multiple myeloma
Author(s) -
Sonneveld P.,
Durie B. G. M.,
Lokhorst H. M.,
Frutiger Y.,
Schoester M.,
Vela E. E.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
british journal of haematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.907
H-Index - 186
eISSN - 1365-2141
pISSN - 0007-1048
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1993.tb04632.x
Subject(s) - monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance , multiple myeloma , multiple drug resistance , p glycoprotein , monoclonal antibody , plasma cell , medicine , plasma cell myeloma , microbiology and biotechnology , monoclonal , pathology , immunology , biology , antibody , drug resistance
Summary Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is different from multiple myeloma (MM) by a low proliferation and by its indolent clinical course. In this study, two biological parameters were investigated which mark the transition from MGUS to MM, i.e. expression of the P‐170 glycoprotein associated with the multidrug resistance phenotype (MDR‐1) and expression of the natural killer cell antigen, CD56. Strong MDR‐1 expression was found in plasma cells of 32/38 untreated MGUS as compared with 33/105 untreated MM stage I–III (84% v 32%, P <0.001) and in 0/10 normal plasma cell samples. CD56 expression in high density was present in 43/57 analysed untreated MM but in none of 23 MGUS (78% v 0% P <0.0001). Plasma cells did characteristically show a low Ki‐67 proliferation index in 14/15 MGUS patients (mean 0.05%, range 0–0.2%) and a higher index in 25 analysed MM patients (mean 2.31%, range 1–7%, P <0.03). These data indicate that MDR‐1 expression together with absence of CD56 expression and a low proliferation index can be used to separate MGUS from MM.