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The role of an anti‐myeloperoxidase antibody in the diagnosis and classification of acute leukaemia: a comparison with light and electron microscopy cytochemistry
Author(s) -
Buccheri V.,
Shetty V.,
Yoshida N.,
Morilla R.,
Matutes E.,
Catovsky D.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
british journal of haematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.907
H-Index - 186
eISSN - 1365-2141
pISSN - 0007-1048
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1992.tb06401.x
Subject(s) - myeloperoxidase , cytochemistry , cd33 , pathology , myeloid , immunocytochemistry , immunophenotyping , antigen , alkaline phosphatase , antibody , myeloid leukaemia , monoclonal antibody , immunology , medicine , biology , enzyme , biochemistry , inflammation , ultrastructure , cd34 , stem cell , genetics
Summary. The enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) is the hallmark of the myeloid lineage. We have analysed the presence of MPO in blasts from 180 cases of acute leukaemia (103 acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and 77 acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) by means of monoclonal antibodies anti‐MPO and immunocytochemistry (alkaline phosphatase anti‐alkaline phosphatase method). The aim of the study was to investigate the specificity and sensitivity of this marker compared with MPO cytochemistry by light (LM) and electron microscopy (EM), and with the expression of myeloid antigens. Anti‐MPO was positive (> 3% blasts) in all but one of the 90 AML positive by LM cytochemistry. Of 13 AML cases negative by MPO cytochemistry, six showed 3.10% blasts reactive with anti‐MPO and were also positive with antibodies to CD13 arid/or CD33. The presence of MPO was confirmed in four of these by EM. The overall positivity of anti‐MPO in AML was 92%. Anti‐MPO was negative in all but two ALL (6% and 8% positive blasts). The blasts in these two cases were also GD13, CD33 and MPO positive by EM; both were thus reclassified as biphenotypic. Another two ALL reinterpreted as biphenotypic were negative by MPO cytochemistry and anti‐MPO but were MPO positive by EM and with CD13 and/or CD33. We conclude that anti‐MPO is a sensitive and specific early marker of myeloid blasts and should be incorporated in the routine immunophenotyping of acute leukaemia.