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Further Observations on the Serological Specificity C of the A‐B‐O Blood Group System
Author(s) -
Wiener A. S.,
Socha W. W.,
Gordon Eve B.
Publication year - 1973
Publication title -
british journal of haematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.907
H-Index - 186
eISSN - 1365-2141
pISSN - 0007-1048
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1973.tb05739.x
Subject(s) - titer , group a , group b , avidity , serology , antibody , isoantibodies , reagent , rh blood group system , antiserum , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , immunology , medicine
S ummary : *A simple method has been described for producing antisera containing anti‐C antibodies of high titre and avidity, by immunizing group O individuals having low titres of isoagglutinins with porcine blood group substance A. Such injections can stimulate a rise not only of the anti‐A titre but also of anti‐C with no noticeable effect on the anti‐B titre. The only disadvantage is that although the suitably diluted reagents are potent, they contain anti‐A in addition to anti‐C, and therefore can be used for testing for the presence of C only those red cells or other materials which lack group A specificity. However, reagents suitable for testing for C in the presence of A could be prepared by immunizing group O subjects with group B red cells or B group substance. Evidence is presented that the specificity C is shared by all red cells and other materials having A‐like and or B‐like specificities, though rare individuals exist having red cells agglutinable by anti‐C though lacking both A and B. It is suggested that the specificity C is not due to a determinant group shared by A and B group‐specific substances, but, instead, that overall similarities in the surface structure of their molecules are responsible. Analogies are pointed out which are comparable to the relationship of factor C to the A‐B‐O system; namely, of U to the M‐N‐S and rh G to the Rh‐Hr system, and also of C c to the simian C‐E‐F blood system of chimpanzees. * To avoid ambiguity, symbols for blood factors (serological specificities) of red cells and their corresponding antibodies are printed in boldface type, symbols for genes and genotypes are printed in italics , and symbols for agglutinogens, phenotypes and blood group systems are printed in regular type.