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Paraphenylenediamine, a contact allergen, induces oxidative stress and ICAM‐1 expression in human keratinocytes
Author(s) -
PICARDO M.,
ZOMPETTA CLAUDIA,
MARCHESE CINZIA,
LUCA CHIARA DE,
FAGGIONI A.,
SCHMIDT R.J.,
SANTUCCI B.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
british journal of dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.304
H-Index - 179
eISSN - 1365-2133
pISSN - 0007-0963
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb15115.x
Subject(s) - allergen , oxidative stress , allergic contact dermatitis , medicine , oxidative phosphorylation , chemistry , immunology , allergy , biochemistry
Summary In an investigation of the role of keratinocytes in the pre‐immunological phase of contract allergy, we have studied the effect parphenylendiamine (PPD) on cell proliferation, membrane lipid peroxidation and the expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1). Because PPD undergoes rapid autoxidation in the culture medium, the effect of PPD‐modified medium on keratinocyte proliferation and ICAM‐l expression was also examined. PPD at low concentrations (up to 10 μg/ml) and with low exposure times (0·5 h) enhanced keratinocyte proliferation, but at high concentrations and with longer exposure times resulted in cell stasis and toxicity. These effects and the enhanced membrane lipid peroxidation that was also observed can be ascribed to the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide by the autoxidation of PPD in the medium. At non‐cytotoxic concentrations, PPD induced ICAM‐1 expression on the keratinocytes. PPD‐modified medium was also cytotoxic to the keratinoeytes and induced ICAM‐1 expression in non‐cytotoxic concentrations. It appeared that superoxide and hydrogen peroxide were not responsible for the cytotoxicity. These results are consistent with the view that oxidative stress may be an essential part of the pre‐immunological phase in the induction of allergic contact dermatitis.