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CYP2B6 983T>C polymorphism is prevalent in West Africa but absent in Papua New Guinea: implications for HIV/AIDS treatment
Author(s) -
Mehlotra Rajeev K.,
Bockarie Moses J.,
Zimmerman Peter A.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
british journal of clinical pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.216
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1365-2125
pISSN - 0306-5251
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.02884.x
Subject(s) - efavirenz , new guinea , haplotype , demography , cyp2b6 , allele frequency , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , polymorphism (computer science) , population , medicine , allele , biology , genetics , virology , ethnology , antiretroviral therapy , history , gene , sociology , viral load , cytochrome p450 , metabolism , cyp3a4
What is already known about this subject • The novel CYP2B6 functional polymorphism 983T>C (either alone as CYP2B6 * 18 or linked with 785A>G as the CYP2B6 * 16 allele) was found in Africans and African‐Americans but not in Caucasians and Asians. • The polymorphism by itself and together with 516G>T (the key polymorphism in the most frequent variant allele CYP2B6 * 6 ) was associated with significantly higher mean plasma efavirenz concentrations in the African HIV patients. • In Papua New Guinea, the HIV/AIDS epidemic is escalating, CYP2B6 * 6 is highly prevalent, and the prevalence of 983T>C is not known. What this study adds• CYP2B6 983T>C is absent in the Papua New Guinea population. • The outcome of treatment with efavirenz may prove different in Papua New Guineans ([ CYP2B6*6 +][983T>C –]) compared with Africans or African‐Americans ([ CYP2B6*6 +][983T>C +]). Aims To determine the prevalence of the novel CYP2B6 functional polymorphism 983T>C in Papua New Guinea where HIV/AIDS poses a significant health problem. Method We genotyped Papua New Guineans (PNG, n = 174), West Africans (WA, n = 170), and North Americans (NA, n = 361). Results The polymorphism was absent in PNG, while its overall frequency was 4.7% in WA. Among NA, the polymorphism was present in African‐Americans (7.5%) and Hispanic‐Americans (1.1%) but not in Caucasian‐Americans and Asian‐Americans. Haplotype analysis indicated that 983T>C was present alone as the CYP2B6*18 allele in WA and African‐Americans. Conclusions Significant interethnic differences occur at the CYP2B6 locus, which may influence treatment outcomes with efavirenz.