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Molecular identification and distribution of mangrove oysters ( C rassostrea ) in an estuarine ecosystem in S outheast B razil: implications for aquaculture and fisheries management
Author(s) -
Galvão Márcia S N,
Pereira Orlando M,
Hilsdorf Alexandre W S
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
aquaculture research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.646
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1365-2109
pISSN - 1355-557X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2012.03166.x
Subject(s) - biology , oyster , aquaculture , crassostrea , mangrove , estuary , fishery , intertidal zone , ecology , pacific oyster , shellfish , aquatic animal , fish <actinopterygii>
This study investigated the existing species of C rassostrea in the natural environment, farming systems and artificial spat collectors at a protected estuarine area in B razil, through PCR ‐ RFLP of mitochondrial 16S r RNA . Among 450 samples collected in the natural environment, 303 were C . brasiliana and 147 C . rhizophorae . Oysters present in the rocky subtidal zone were C . brasiliana . However, both species occurred on mangrove roots in the intertidal zone. Farm‐raised samples included only C . brasiliana . It was observed that attached specimens in commercial collectors had a banding pattern distinct from C . brasiliana and C . rhizophorae , indicating the presence of a third species in the estuary. The 16S r RNA sequence analysis showed that these specimens are clustered with the oysters from P acific and I ndian O ceans, and genetically close to the oysters of B eihai, C hina (0.3% genetic distance). Oysters obtained from the seed capture showed 17.8% distance of in relation to C . brasiliana , 17.6% for C . rhizophorae and 10.3% for C . gigas, demonstrating high genetic divergence from these species. The occurrence of an exotic species in the C ananéia estuary may have strong ecological and economic implications which require new guidelines for farming, conservation and sustainable fisheries management for the native oyster species.