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Marking live feeds with inert metal oxides for fish larvae feeding and nutrition studies
Author(s) -
Cook Matthew A,
Johnson Ronald B,
Nicklason Pete,
Barnett Harold,
Rust Michael B
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
aquaculture research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.646
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1365-2109
pISSN - 1355-557X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01709.x
Subject(s) - biology , gadus , zoology , rotifer , ingestion , larva , food science , seawater , fishery , fish <actinopterygii> , ecology , biochemistry
Yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ), ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 O 3 ), lanthanum oxide (La 2 O 3 ) and dysprosium oxide (Dy 2 O 3 ) were evaluated as potential live feed markers for feeding and nutrition studies with fish larvae, by determining the uptake and depletion of markers over time in two trials, and quantifying ingestion of Y 2 O 3 ‐marked rotifers ( Branchionus plicatilis ) by Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) in a third trial. In the first two trials, Artemia nauplii and rotifers quickly took up markers within 10 min to concentrations useful for nutrition studies (>2% dry weight). There was no significant difference ( P >0.05) among temperatures in depletion of markers (10, 15, 20 °C) with Artemia or rotifers. Depletion from rotifers was not significantly different ( P >0.05) between 5 and 20 min nor between 5 and 30 min for Artemia when marked at a concentration of 50 mg of marker per litre of seawater. In the second trial, rotifers and Artemia were marked with a higher concentration (250 mg L −1 ) and allowed to deplete for a longer time (90 min). In the third trial, visual estimates of Artemia consumed by Atlantic cod larvae were similar to consumption estimates determined by analysis of Y 2 O 3 ‐marked Artemia using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy ( r 2 =0.77).