Open AccessDietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile Chinese sucker, Myxocyprinus asiaticus
Author(s) -
YUAN Y.C.,
YANG H.J.,
GONG S.Y.,
LUO Z.,
YU D.H.,
YAN J.L.,
YANG X.F.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
aquaculture nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.941
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1365-2095
pISSN - 1353-5773
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00719.x
Subject(s) - phosphorus , monocalcium phosphate , zoology , biology , calcium , feed conversion ratio , composition (language) , nutrient , zinc , sucker , chemistry , body weight , endocrinology , fish <actinopterygii> , ecology , fish meal , fishery , anatomy , linguistics , philosophy , organic chemistry
A growth trial was conducted to estimate the optimum requirement of dietary available phosphorus (P) for Chinese sucker juveniles. Triplicate groups of juveniles Chinese sucker (initial mean weight: 1.77 ± 0.02 g, mean ± SD) were fed diets containing graded levels (3.1, 5.3, 7.5, 9.6 and 11.8 g kg −1 ) of available phosphorus. The basal diet (diet 1), containing 3.1 g kg −1 available P, was supplemented with graded levels of monocalcium phosphate to formulate four experimental diets. The fish were fed twice daily (08:00 and 17:00 h) to satiation for 8 weeks. During the experimental period, the water temperature fluctuated from 27.5 to 30.5 °C and dissolved oxygen was more than 6 mg L −1 . The specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio were all significantly increased by dietary available phosphorus up to 7.5 g kg −1 ( P < 0.05) and then levelled off beyond this level. Feed conversion ratio significantly decreased with dietary available phosphorus level up to 7.5 g kg −1 ( P < 0.05). Dietary treatments did not significantly affect feed intake ( P > 0.05). Efficiency of phosphorus (P) utilization significantly decreased with dietary available phosphorus level ( P < 0.05). Body composition analysis showed that the whole‐body lipid, ash, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) contents were all significantly affected by dietary available P concentration ( P < 0.05); however, no significance were found for manganese (Mn) concentration and calcium/phosphorus (Ca/P) ratios in whole‐body among all the treatments ( P > 0.05). Dietary phosphorus levels also significantly affected the mineralization of vertebrae and scale ( P < 0.05), and Ca/P ratios in scale were not influenced by dietary P supplementation, while vertebrae Ca/P ratio decreased with dietary available P levels ( P < 0.05) (quadratic effect, P < 0.001). Signs of phosphorus deficiency were characterized by poor growth, slightly reduced mineralization and an increase in body lipid content. The blood chemistry analysis showed that dietary available P had distinct effects on enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase, as well as contents of triacyglycerol and total cholesterol ( P < 0.05). Broken‐line analysis based on weight gain indicated the minimum available phosphorus requirement for the optimal growth of juvenile Chinese sucker was 7.4 g kg −1 . Based on the phosphorus content in whole body, vertebrae or scale indicated that the requirements were 8.3, 8.8 and 8.6 g kg −1 respectively.