Open AccessDietary nucleotide supplementation enhances growth and immune responses of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus
Author(s) -
LIN Y.H.,
WANG H.,
SHIAU S.Y.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
aquaculture nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.941
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1365-2095
pISSN - 1353-5773
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2007.00561.x
Subject(s) - biology , grouper , inosine monophosphate , epinephelus , nucleotide , guanosine , zoology , endocrinology , medicine , biochemistry , fishery , fish <actinopterygii> , gene
Basal diet containing 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g kg −1 mixture of inosine monophosphate (IMP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), guanosine monophosphate (GMP), uridine monophosphate (UMP) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) (1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1) (mixed‐NT; Experiment 1) and 1.5 g kg −1 from each nucleotides and mixed‐nucleotides (NT; Experiment 2) were fed to triplicate groups of grouper for 8 weeks. Basal diet without NT was used as control in both Experiments. In Experiment 1, fish fed the diet with 1.5 g mixed‐NT kg −1 had higher ( P < 0.05) weight gain (WG) than the control group. The superoxide anion (O 2 − ) production ratio was higher in fish fed diets with 1.0–1.5 g mixed‐NT kg −1 than the fish fed diets with ≤0.5 g mixed‐NT kg −1 . In Experiment 2, fish fed diets with nucleotides had higher WG than the control group. The O 2 − production ratio was higher in fish fed the diet with 1.5 g AMP kg −1 , followed by fish fed diets with 1.5 g UMP and mixed‐NT kg −1 , and lowest in the control group. These results suggest that growth and immune responses were enhanced in grouper fed diet with 1.5 g mixed‐NT kg −1 diet. Diet with 1.5 g kg −1 of AMP seems to be more beneficial on the immune responses in fish than other nucleotides.