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Novel polymorphisms in the bovine β‐lactoglobulin gene and their effects on β ‐lactoglobulin protein concentration in milk
Author(s) -
Ganai N. A.,
Bovenhuis H.,
Van Arendonk J. A. M.,
Visker M. H. P. W.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
animal genetics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.756
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1365-2052
pISSN - 0268-9146
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2008.01806.x
Subject(s) - beta lactoglobulin , single nucleotide polymorphism , biology , linkage disequilibrium , gene , allele , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , polymorphism (computer science) , beta (programming language) , genotype , whey protein , biochemistry , computer science , programming language
Summary The aim of our study was to detect new polymorphisms in the bovine β‐lactoglobulin ( β‐LG ) gene with significant effects on β‐LG protein concentration. Genomic DNA samples from 22 proven bulls were screened for polymorphisms in the coding and promoter regions of the β‐LG gene. In total, 50 polymorphisms were detected. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (g.1772G>A and g.3054C>T) lead to amino acid changes and are the causal genetic polymorphisms of β‐LG protein variants A and B. Forty‐two polymorphisms were in complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) with β‐LG protein variants A and B. Any of these 42 polymorphisms can be involved in the differential expression of the respective A and B alleles of the β‐ LG gene. The eight polymorphisms not in complete LD with β‐LG protein variants A and B and the two polymorphisms causing the amino acid changes were genotyped in a set of 208 cows: 106 animals homozygous for β‐LG protein variant A and 102 animals homozygous for β‐LG protein variant B. Of these eight polymorphisms, six SNPs segregated only within the cows homozygous for β‐LG protein variant A and two SNPs segregated only within the cows homozygous for β‐LG protein variant B. One of the eight polymorphisms had a significant effect on β‐LG protein concentration. This SNP, g.‐731G>A, segregated only within the 106 cows homozygous for β‐LG protein variant A. Within these cows, adjusted relative β‐LG protein concentration was reduced by 1.22% (w/w) in animals homozygous g.‐731AA compared with animals homozygous g.‐731GG.