Open AccessNuclear magnetic resonance characterization of metabolite disorder in orange trees caused by citrus sudden death disease
Author(s) -
PRESTES ROSILENE A.,
COLNAGO LUIZ A.,
FORATO LUCIMARA A.,
CARRILHO EMANUEL,
BASSANEZI RENATO B.,
WULFF NELSON A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
molecular plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.945
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1364-3703
pISSN - 1464-6722
DOI - 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2008.00507.x
Subject(s) - rootstock , citrus tristeza virus , phloem , biology , orange (colour) , sudden death , botany , horticulture , rutaceae , bark (sound) , virus , plant virus , virology , medicine , cardiology , ecology
SUMMARY Citrus sudden death (CSD) is a new disease of sweet orange and mandarin trees grafted on Rangpur lime and Citrus volkameriana rootstocks. It was first seen in Brazil in 1999, and has since been detected in more than four million trees. The CSD causal agent is unknown and the current hypothesis involves a virus similar to Citrus tristeza virus or a new virus named Citrus sudden death‐associated virus . CSD symptoms include generalized foliar discoloration, defoliation and root death, and, in most cases, it can cause tree death. One of the unique characteristics of CSD disease is the presence of a yellow stain in the rootstock bark near the bud union. This region also undergoes profound anatomical changes. In this study, we analyse the metabolic disorder caused by CSD in the bark of sweet orange grafted on Rangpur lime by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging. The imaging results show the presence of a large amount of non‐functional phloem in the rootstock bark of affected plants. The spectroscopic analysis shows a high content of triacylglyceride and sucrose, which may be related to phloem blockage close to the bud union. We also propose that, without knowing the causal CSD agent, the determination of oil content in rootstock bark by low‐resolution NMR can be used as a complementary method for CSD diagnosis, screening about 300 samples per hour.