Open AccessPost‐translational modification of host proteins in pathogen‐triggered defence signalling in plants
Author(s) -
STULEMEIJER IRIS J. E.,
JOOSTEN MATTHIEU H. A. J.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
molecular plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.945
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1364-3703
pISSN - 1464-6722
DOI - 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2008.00468.x
Subject(s) - biology , palmitoylation , sumo protein , effector , microbiology and biotechnology , signalling , glycosylation , myristoylation , phosphorylation , signal transduction , innate immune system , ubiquitin , immune system , genetics , biochemistry , gene , cysteine , enzyme
SUMMARY Microbial plant pathogens impose a continuous threat to global food production. Similar to animals, an innate immune system allows plants to recognize pathogens and swiftly activate defence. To activate a rapid response, receptor‐mediated pathogen perception and subsequent downstream signalling depends on post‐translational modification (PTM) of components essential for defence signalling. We discuss different types of PTMs that play a role in mounting plant immunity, which include phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, nitrosylation, myristoylation, palmitoylation and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐anchoring. PTMs are rapid, reversible, controlled and highly specific, and provide a tool to regulate protein stability, activity and localization. Here, we give an overview of PTMs that modify components essential for defence signalling at the site of signal perception, during secondary messenger production and during signalling in the cytoplasm. In addition, we discuss effectors from pathogens that suppress plant defence responses by interfering with host PTMs.