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Experimenter‐defined quit dates for smoking cessation: adherence improves outcomes for women but not for men
Author(s) -
Borrelli Belinda,
Papandonatos George,
Spring Bonnie,
Hitsman Brian,
Niaura Raymond
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
addiction
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.424
H-Index - 193
eISSN - 1360-0443
pISSN - 0965-2140
DOI - 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00648.x
Subject(s) - smoking cessation , medicine , relapse prevention , placebo , randomized controlled trial , quit smoking , fluoxetine , psychiatry , clinical psychology , physical therapy , alternative medicine , pathology , receptor , serotonin
Aims Smoking cessation treatment trials often require that smokers quit on or before a protocol‐defined date. The goals of this paper were to: (1) identify factors associated with adherence to a protocol‐defined quit date and (2) determine whether such adherence predicts cessation outcome (relapse). Design A quasi‐experimental secondary analysis of data collected from a randomized placebo‐controlled trial of fluoxetine (60 mg or 30 mg) versus placebo for smoking cessation. Setting and participants Clinic‐based smoking cessation treatment program comprising 989 non‐depressed smokers. Intervention Participants received cognitive behavioral therapy for smoking cessation and either study medication or placebo for 10 weeks. They were required to set a quit date within 2 weeks of their second study visit (by visit 4). Findings Significant predictors of quit date adherence were low nicotine dependence and active drug treatment. High‐dose fluoxetine (60 mg) and male gender were protective against relapse. Adherence to quit date was not an independent predictor of relapse; instead there was a significant interaction between quit date adherence and gender. Among non‐adherers to the quit date, women were more than 2.5 times as likely as men to relapse; among adherers to the quit date, women were only 1.3 times as likely as men to relapse. Conclusions Although women were more likely than men to relapse regardless of quit date adherence, adherence was strongly protective against relapse for women.