Economic evaluation: what are we looking for and how do we get there?

Summary.  The interest in economic evaluation of alternative strategies for haemophilia treatment has increased through the years. Few studies have actually been undertaken, however, and most of them have been simple cost‐minimization or cost‐effectiveness analyses. From the perspective of the binational project ‘Treatment strategies for severe haemophilia − prophylaxis vs. on‐demand’, the present paper discusses the pros and cons of different methods for economic evaluation and their data requirements. Severe haemophilia is a rare disease that requires lifelong treatment. In addition, treatment has both short‐ and long‐term effects which are likely to differ between strategies. Accordingly, regardless of the chosen evaluation method, data requirements are non‐trivial. Hence, the various problems connected to the generation of data, as well as how they may be addressed, are also discussed.