Open AccessDDX 39 acts as a suppressor of invasion for bladder cancer
Author(s) -
Kato Minoru,
Wei Min,
Yamano Shotaro,
Kakehashi Anna,
Tamada Satoshi,
Nakatani Tatsuya,
Wanibuchi Hideki
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
cancer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.035
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1349-7006
pISSN - 1347-9032
DOI - 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02298.x
Subject(s) - bladder cancer , urinary bladder , cancer , immunohistochemistry , medicine , tumor progression , pathology , incidence (geometry) , hazard ratio , oncology , confidence interval , physics , optics
The object of the present study was to identify markers for predicting urinary bladder cancer progression by comparative proteome analysis of bladder cancers and paired normal mucosas. We found that DDX 39 was overexpressed in four of six bladder cancers examined compared with respective control tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis using 303 bladder cancer specimens revealed that DDX 39 was inversely correlated to p T stage and histological grade progression. The incidence of DDX 39 high tumors (positive cells ≥50%) was 68.6%, 43.5%, 20.0%, and 5.3% in p T a, p T 1, p T is, and ≥p T 2 tumors, respectively, and 65.2%, 60.7%, and 19.6% in G 1, G 2, and G 3 tumors, respectively. The incidence of DDX 39 high tumors was significantly lower in p T 1 and ≥p T 2 compared to p T a tumors, and also significantly lower in G 3 compared to G 1 and G 2 tumors. Follow‐up analysis ( n = 105) revealed that DDX 39 low tumors (positive cells <50%) were associated with disease progression (hazard ratio 7.485; P = 0.0083). Furthermore, DDX 39‐knockdown bladder cancer cells increased their invasion ability compared to negative control cells. These results suggest that DDX 39 is a suppressor of invasion and loss of its function predicts disease progression in bladder cancers. ( Cancer Sci 2012; 103: 1363–1369)