Open AccessOxygen and glucose consumption in gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas: Correlation with markers of hypoxia, acidity and anaerobic glycolysis
Author(s) -
Koukourakis Michael I.,
Pitiakoudis Michael,
Giatromanolaki Alexandra,
Tsarouha Alexandra,
Polychronidis Alexandros,
Sivridis Efthimios,
Simopoulos Costantinos
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
cancer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.035
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1349-7006
pISSN - 1347-9032
DOI - 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2006.00298.x
Subject(s) - carbonic anhydrase , glycolysis , anaerobic glycolysis , hypoxia (environmental) , lactate dehydrogenase , oxygen , anaerobic exercise , metabolism , carbon dioxide , chemistry , in vivo , biochemistry , carbohydrate metabolism , warburg effect , medicine , endocrinology , biology , enzyme , physiology , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry
This study gives an insight into tumor metabolic activity by investigating oxygen and glucose content, together with their metabolic products carbon dioxide and acids‐pH, in the arterial and venous blood of a tumor. Nineteen patients with gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas undergoing surgery were studied. Biochemical analysis showed that in a large subgroup of tumors, oxygen consumption was reduced while that of glucose was increased in malignant, as compared to normal tissues; these features were more evident in tumors overexpressing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH‐5) and hypoxia inducible factors (HIF1α/2α). An increase in carbon dioxide production in the tumor environment was linked with overexpression of carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9). The simultaneous overexpression of CA9 and LDH‐5 was related to very low pH levels in the veins draining the tumor, suggesting an intense acidification of the tumor microenvironment in such cases. These in vivo data confirm the importance of HIFs and their downstream regulated genes in tumor metabolism, particularly in glycolysis and carbon dioxide buffering. ( Cancer Sci 2006; 97: 1056 –1060)