Open AccessSynergism of Environmental Carcinogens and Promoters on Bladder Cancer Development Initiated by N‐Butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine in F344 Rats
Author(s) -
Ono Satoko,
Kurata Yasushi,
Shichino Yutaka,
Sano Masashi,
Fukushima Shoji
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
japanese journal of cancer research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.035
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1349-7006
pISSN - 0910-5050
DOI - 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1992.tb02007.x
Subject(s) - nitrosamine , butylated hydroxyanisole , carcinogen , butylated hydroxytoluene , chemistry , carcinogenesis , sodium bicarbonate , bladder cancer , sodium ascorbate , tertiary amine , anticarcinogen , sodium , biochemistry , pharmacology , cancer , medicine , antioxidant , ascorbic acid , food science , organic chemistry , gene
Synergistic or additive effects of combined treatments with carcinogens or promoters on N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN)‐initiated rat bladder carcinogenesis were examined. Male F344 rats were given BBN as an initiator followed by low doses of 3 sodium salts (sodium bicarbonate, sodium L‐ascorbate and sodium citrate) and/or 3 antioxidants (butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and tertiary butylhydroxyquinone). Combined treatments with 3 sodium salts or 3 antioxidants, and especially all 6 chemicals together promoted bladder carcinogenesis. In addition, these combined treatments were associated with increased DNA synthesis of the bladder epithelium. Combined administration of the carcinogens, o‐anisidine, p‐cresidine, and 4‐chloro‐o‐phenylenedi‐amine at low doses also enhanced BBN‐initiated bladder carcinogenesis. These results indicate that environmental carcinogens or promoters can exert synergistic or additive actions on bladder cancer induction.