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A simple and rapid immunochromatographic test kit for rabies diagnosis
Author(s) -
Nishizono Akira,
Khawplod Pakamatz,
Ahmed Kamruddin,
Goto Kazuyo,
Shiota Seiji,
Mifune Kumato,
Yasui Takehito,
Takayama Katsuyoshi,
Kobayashi Yukuharu,
Mannen Kazuaki,
Tepsumetha Veera,
Mitmoonpitak Chanarong,
Inoue Satoshi,
Morimoto Kinjiro
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
microbiology and immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1348-0421
pISSN - 0385-5600
DOI - 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2008.00031.x
Subject(s) - rabies , rabies virus , virology , gold standard (test) , monoclonal antibody , direct fluorescent antibody , nucleoprotein , biology , lyssavirus , rhabdoviridae , antibody , medicine , virus , immunology
In rabies endemic countries, funds and infrastructure are often insufficient to employ the approved gold standard for the definitive diagnosis of rabies: the direct fluorescent test. In the present study, two types (type 1 and 2) of an ICT kit were evaluated for detection of rabies. These were developed using monoclonal antibodies which recognize epitope II and III of the nucleoprotein of rabies virus. Both kits specifically detected all rabies virus strains and there was no cross reactivity with Lyssaviruses (Lagos, Mokola and Duvenhage), Rhabdovirus (VSV and Oita 296/1972) and other common canine‐pathogenic viruses. In type 1, a single type of monoclonal antibody was used. It was capable of detecting recombinant nucleoprotein and showed sensitivity of 95.5% (42/44) and specificity of 88.9% (32/36) using brain samples from rabid dogs. In contrast, type 2 which was made of two different monoclonal antibodies had a lower sensitivity of 93.2% (41/44) and higher specificity of 100% (36/36). These ICT kits provide a simple and rapid method for rabies detection. They need neither cold chain for transportation nor complicated training for personnel. This diagnostic test is suitable for rabies screening, particularly in areas with a high prevalence of rabies and where the fluorescent antibody test is not available.