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Pro‐ and Anti‐Inflammatory Cytokines Produced by Human Monocytes Challenged In Vitro with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Author(s) -
Kurokawa Cilmery Suemi,
Araujo João P.,
Soares Angela M.V.C.,
Sugizaki Maria F.,
Peraçoli Maria Terezinha S.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
microbiology and immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1348-0421
pISSN - 0385-5600
DOI - 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2007.tb03929.x
Subject(s) - biology , cytokine , paracoccidioides brasiliensis , monocyte , tumor necrosis factor alpha , microbiology and biotechnology , virulence , immune system , interleukin , immunology , interleukin 10 , interleukin 6 , biochemistry , gene
Monocytes and macrophages play a central role in innate and adaptive immune response against systemic fungal infections. Imbalances in suppressor or stimulatory cytokine secretion caused by these cells may influence disease development, microorganism death, and the nature of the adaptive immune response. This study analyzed the monocyte cytokine profiles of healthy individuals challenged with high and low virulent strains of P. brasiliensis and mRNA cytokine expression kinetics by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Peripheral blood monocytes from healthy volunteers were cultured in vitro with and without virulent (Pb18) or low virulence (Pb265) strains from P. brasiliensis viable yeast cells. Interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β), IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), and transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β1) were measured in culture supernatants by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), and mRNA cytokine expression was determined by RT‐PCR at 0, 4, 8, 12, 18 and 48 hr. Both P. brasiliensis strains induced monocyte production of IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10 and TNF‐α. Pb18 induced higher levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐10 than Pb265. IL‐8 and TGF‐β1 levels were not significantly different from those cultured without stimulus. The mRNA cytokine expression was similar to supernatant cytokines measured by ELISA. In vitro monocyte challenge with virulent P. brasiliensis strain induces earlier and higher levels of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines than low virulence strain.