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Genotype and Subtype Analyses of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Possible Co‐Infection of HBV and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) or Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) in Blood Donors, Patients with Chronic Liver Disease and Patients on Hemodialysis in Surabaya, Indonesia
Author(s) -
Lusida Maria I.,
Sakugawa Hiroshi,
NaganoFujii Motoko,
Handajani Retno,
Setiawan Poernomo B.,
Nidom Chairul A.,
Ohgimoto Shinji,
Hotta Hak
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
microbiology and immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1348-0421
pISSN - 0385-5600
DOI - 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2003.tb03457.x
Subject(s) - hbsag , hepatitis b virus , virology , hepatocellular carcinoma , medicine , hepatitis c virus , hepatitis b , cirrhosis , liver disease , virus , hepatitis c , hepatitis , immunology
Four subtypes ( adw, adr, ayw , and ayr ) and eight genotypes (A to H) of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been identified. They appear to be associated with particular geographic distribution, ethnicity, and possibly clinical outcomes. In this study, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtyping and HBV genotyping were carried out on sera obtained from HBsAg‐positive HBV carriers, including healthy blood donors; patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma; and patients on hemodialysis all located in Surabaya, Indonesia. We report here that all HBV isolates tested in Surabaya belonged to genotype B, with more than 90% of them being classified into subtype adw . Our results also revealed that prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) co‐infection among HBV carriers in Surabaya was approximately 10% for healthy blood donors and patients with chronic liver disease, and approximately 60% for patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Interestingly, HBsAg titers were lower in HBV carriers with HCV co‐infection than in those without HCV co‐infection. We also found that prevalence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) co‐infection was <0.5% among HBV carriers in Surabaya.