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A Rapid Bioluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay (BLEIA) for the Detection of Shiga Toxin Types 1 and 2
Author(s) -
Yamazaki Makoto,
Sato Sachihiro,
Gondaira Fumio,
Sugiyama Junichi
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
microbiology and immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1348-0421
pISSN - 0385-5600
DOI - 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2001.tb01294.x
Subject(s) - shiga toxin , biology , immunoassay , microbiology and biotechnology , escherichia coli , toxin , virulence , shiga like toxin , bioluminescence , enterobacteriaceae , enzyme , microbial toxins , antibody , biochemistry , immunology , gene
In recent years, Escherichia coli O157: H7 has emerged as a global public health concern. Among the more important virulence characteristics of this strain is its ability to produce one or more Shiga toxins (Stx). Traditional culture‐based methods for assay of enteric toxins in foods and clinical samples are relatively slow and results can be ambiguous. In this work, we established a toxin‐detection system based on bioluminescent enzyme immunoassay (BLEIA) using a simple and inexpensive device. The system could detect both Shiga toxin types 1 and 2 individually within 150 min with a detection limit for each toxin at 5 pg/ml. In our study of previously characterized Shigatoxigenic and all non‐Shigatoxigenic E. coli and other bacterial species, we found all Shigatoxigenic strains to be positive and non‐Shigatoxigenic E. coli and other bacterial species to be negative. This assay was also used to detect Stxs in milk and supernatant fluids from minced chicken and beef. For clinical stool samples we noted a tendency for the system to give unexpectedly high background level. Our results suggest the feasibility of using BLEIA methodology for the simple, rapid and sensitive detection of toxins from culture supernatant, various foods and clinical samples.