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Developmental Regulation by Cytokines of Bone Marrow‐Derived Dendritic Cells and Epidermal Langerhans Cells
Author(s) -
Yamaguchi Yasunori
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
microbiology and immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1348-0421
pISSN - 0385-5600
DOI - 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1998.tb02334.x
Subject(s) - biology , cd86 , dendritic cell , microbiology and biotechnology , cd80 , antigen presentation , cd40 , langerhans cell , cytokine , antigen presenting cell , clone (java method) , mhc class ii , cellular differentiation , immunology , t cell , immune system , cytotoxic t cell , in vitro , dna , biochemistry , genetics , gene
Dendritic cells (DC) are specialized antigen‐presenting cells involved in T cell‐mediated immune responses. Differentiation and functional maturation of the DC are now known to be regulated by various cytokines, including TGF‐β1. The experiments of this study examined the effect of other cytokines, such as IL‐4, IL‐10 and IL‐6, on the differentiation and maturation of bone marrow (BM)‐derived DC (BM‐DC) and epidermal Langerhans cells (LC). When IL‐6 or IL‐10 was added to cultures of BM cells in the presence of GM‐CSF, both cytokines, as in the case of TGF‐β1, suppressed the maturation of DC in terms of the expression of adhesion and costimulatory molecules and T cell‐stimulating activity. In contrast, IL‐4 was not suppressive but rather supportive for the differentiation of DC. However, these suppressive cytokines hardly counteracted the maturation‐inducing activity of TNF‐α when added to cultures of immature DC. In addition, they appeared to block the overmaturation of DC, which is characterized by a loss of MHC class II molecules. Regarding LC maturation in epidermal cell cultures, IL‐6 and IL‐10 were inhibitory for the expression of CD86 and CD80 in a dose‐dependent fashion. Unlike BM‐DC, LC maturation was slightly enhanced by TGF‐β1. The protein antigen‐presentation by LC to Th1 clone was not affected by IL‐6, but slightly reduced by IL‐10. These results suggest that each cytokine contributes to regulate the differentiation and maturation of DC at a different developmental stage.