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Prevalence of Clostridium botulinum Type E and Coexistence of C. botulinum Nonproteolytic Type B in the River Soil of Japan
Author(s) -
Yamakawa Kiyotaka,
Nakamura Shinichi
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
microbiology and immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1348-0421
pISSN - 0385-5600
DOI - 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1992.tb02058.x
Subject(s) - clostridium botulinum , biology , clostridiaceae , type (biology) , clostridium , microbiology and biotechnology , ecology , bacteria , toxin , genetics
Soil samples from 98 sites in the whole systems of four rivers in Japan were examined for the presence of Clostridium botulinum . Type E organism was prevalently shown throughout the whole river systems including upper part; detection rates of type E toxin in soil culture ranged from 33 to 82%. This type was also detected in soil of adjacent mountainous district. Type B and C toxins were detected at 7% and 9% of the sites examined, respectively. C. botulinum type E and nonproteolytic type B strains were isolated from enrichment cultures of soil samples. These results suggest that the terrestrial origin of type E organism would be considered as one of the reasons for the high incidence of this organism in the sea areas, and prove that C. botulinum nonproteolytic type B exists in the soil of Japan.