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Properties of Ionic‐Conducting β‐Bi 2 O 3 Containing Mixed Dopants
Author(s) -
Nunn Stephen D.,
Payzant E. Andrew
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00506.x
Subject(s) - dopant , alkaline earth metal , bismuth , valence (chemistry) , oxide , ionic conductivity , conductivity , materials science , ionic bonding , phase (matter) , electrical resistivity and conductivity , doping , mineralogy , inorganic chemistry , atmospheric temperature range , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , ion , metal , electrolyte , metallurgy , thermodynamics , environmental chemistry , physics , electrical engineering , optoelectronics , organic chemistry , electrode , engineering
β‐Bi 2 O 3 compositions were prepared to evaluate the effect on properties of using mixed dopants. Baseline compositions containing 28 mol% of the alkaline‐earth oxides CaO, SrO, or BaO were used for comparison. When the alkaline earths were combined in pairs to dope the bismuth oxide, the resulting properties were intermediate between the baseline end members. The data suggest that the transformation temperature for forming the high‐conductivity β 1 phase can be varied continuously over a temperature range of about 565° to 750°C. Utilization of additional additives having different ionic size or valence charge compared with the alkaline earths resulted in no observed property changes that could be attributed to the additive alone. The most important variables influencing the conductivity level and phase transformation temperature of β‐Bi 2 O 3 were the type and the amount of the alkaline‐earth dopant in the composition.