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Cation Ordering in Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –Pb(Sc 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 (PMN–PSN) Solid Solutions
Author(s) -
Farber Leon,
Valant Matjaz,
Akbas Mehmet Ali,
Davies Peter K.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00454.x
Subject(s) - scandium , enthalpy , annealing (glass) , thermal stability , metal , perovskite (structure) , analytical chemistry (journal) , phase boundary , charge ordering , materials science , mineralogy , chemistry , crystallography , phase (matter) , inorganic chemistry , charge (physics) , thermodynamics , physics , metallurgy , organic chemistry , chromatography , quantum mechanics
Extended thermal annealing treatments were used to modify the B‐site cation order in the (1 − x )PMN– x PSN perovskite system (where PMN is lead magnesium niobate, Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 , and PSN is lead scandium niobate, Pb(Sc 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 ). Extensive 1:1 ordering could be induced in compositions with x ≥ 0.1. The substitution of PSN into PMN produced a large increase in the thermal stability of the 1:1 ordered phase, with the maximum disordering temperature of ∼1360°C being observed for the x = 0.5 composition. By monitoring the change in the degree of order with temperature, the order–disorder boundary for the PMN–PSN system was established and the transition temperature for pure PMN was estimated to be ∼950°C. The changes in stability across the system were consistent with the “random‐site” description of the cation order. The change in enthalpy associated with the ordering was affected by the size difference of the two ordered cation sites and by the size and charge mismatch of the metal cations that occupy the random‐ site position.