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Synthesis of Gallium Oxide Hydroxide Crystals in Aqueous Solutions with or without Urea and Their Calcination Behavior
Author(s) -
Taş A. Cüneyt,
Majewski Peter J.,
Aldinger Fritz
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00291.x
Subject(s) - calcination , thermogravimetry , aqueous solution , gallium , hydroxide , thermal decomposition , oxide , differential thermal analysis , inorganic chemistry , precipitation , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , urea , ammonia volatilization from urea , materials science , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , catalysis , metallurgy , diffraction , physics , meteorology , optics , engineering
Gallium oxide hydroxide (GaOOH· x H 2 O) single crystals were synthesized in aqueous solutions by using two different precipitation techniques: homogeneous decomposition of urea and forced hydrolysis in pure water. Precipitation of crystals started at exactly the same pH value (i.e., 2.05 at 85°C) in both cases. The morphology of crystals turned out to be quite different (zeppelin‐like with urea, rodlike without urea) in each of the above methods. Calcination of these gallium oxide hydroxide crystals in air at temperatures ≥500°C transformed them into Ga 2 O 3 . Characterization of the samples was performed by X‐ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ICP, carbon, and nitrogen analyses.