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Reactive Sintering and Retrograde Densification of Bulk Bismuth‐Based Superconductors
Author(s) -
Thayer Ryan L.,
Schmidt Sarah R.,
Dorris Stephen E.,
Bullard Jeffrey W.,
Lanagan Michael T.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01562.x
Subject(s) - materials science , sintering , bismuth , ceramic , superconductivity , fabrication , phase (matter) , composite material , shrinkage , melting point , high temperature superconductivity , metallurgy , mineralogy , condensed matter physics , chemistry , medicine , physics , alternative medicine , organic chemistry , pathology
Densification was observed when bulk ceramic superconductors with a composition of Bi 1.8 Pb 0.4 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10+δ were sintered for short times (<4 h) near the incongruent melting temperature. The initial shrinkage of the powder compacts was correlated with the existence of a transient liquid phase. Retrograde densification, which is a decrease in density, occurred for longer sintering times and was attributed to changes in pore structure. The results provide direction for future processing of bulk bismuth‐based superconductors and powder‐in‐tube tapes for the fabrication of long‐length wire.