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Cardanol: A New Dispersant for Alumina in Toluene
Author(s) -
Prabhakaran Kuttan,
Pavithran Chorappan
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01425.x
Subject(s) - cardanol , dispersant , adsorption , saturation (graph theory) , chemical engineering , slurry , toluene , chemistry , shear thinning , dispersion (optics) , viscosity , rheology , organic chemistry , materials science , composite material , epoxy , physics , mathematics , optics , combinatorics , engineering
Cardanol, which is a naturally occurring C 15 unsaturated aliphatic chain‐substituted phenol derived from cashew nut shell liquid, was used as a dispersant for alumina in toluene. Adsorption data, along with the results of sedimentation studies, green density, and slurry viscosity (as a function of dispersant concentration), suggest that cardanol adsorption initially proceeded through surface coverage by a phenolic group that lies flat on the surface and that the best powder dispersion occurred at surface saturation by more closely packed end‐on adsorbed cardanol molecules. The alkyl‐chain unsaturation significantly contributed to dispersion, such that the saturation by hydrogenation led to an increase in the slurry viscosity by a factor of ∼2.5. Concentrated slurries generally showed shear‐thinning flow behavior, and the measured viscosity of a highly concentrated (53 vol%) slurry was <1 Pa·s at a shear rate of 93 s −1 .