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Nucleation Barrier for Volume‐Conserving Shape Changes of Faceted Crystals
Author(s) -
Mullins William W.,
Rohrer Gregory S.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01173.x
Subject(s) - facet (psychology) , nucleation , limiting , materials science , surface energy , volume (thermodynamics) , crystallography , surface (topology) , condensed matter physics , faceting , geometry , physics , chemistry , composite material , thermodynamics , mathematics , mechanical engineering , psychology , social psychology , personality , engineering , big five personality traits
This paper considers volume‐conserving shape changes of small faceted particles or cavities; these changes are driven by surface‐energy reduction. If these changes require normal motion of the facets (singular surfaces), and if the perimeter free energy σ p (per unit area) of a nucleus of a new facet layer is comparable to a typical surface free energy (σ∼ 1 J/m 2 ), the energy barrier is prohibitively large for facets larger than a limiting size of approximately a nanometer unless they are intersected by dislocations that provide a source of steps. In the absence of such dislocations, particles that contain these facets are immobilized in their initial shapes. If σ p < σ, the limiting facet size is increased by a factor of approximately σ/σ p .